Choose the word which has the underlined part pronounced differently from the rest.

Question 1:

• a. three
• b. south

• c. southern

• d. both

Question 2:

• a. remained
• b. explored

• c. separated

• d. travelled

Question 3:

• a. loose
• b. smooth
• c. food

• d. flood

Question 4:

• a. enormous

• b. rough
• c. enough
• d. double

Question 5:

• a. society
• b. geography 

• c. dry

• d. sandy

Choose a, b, c, or d that best completes each unfinished sentence, substitutes the underlined part, or has a close meaning to the original one.

Question 6: _____ Sahara of _____ Africa is the world’s largest desert.

• a. Ø / the

• b. The / Ø

• c. A / an
• d. The / an

Question 7: Deserts can be defined as areas that receive _______ average annual precipitation of less than 250 mm.

• a. a

• b. an

• c. the
• d. Ø

Question 8: The Sahara contains complex linear dunes that are _____ by almost 6 kilometers.

• a. developed

• b. separated

• c. lay
• d. located

Question 9: A ____ is a landscape or region that receives very little precipitation.

• a. dune

• b. desert

• c. sandy area
• d. shrub land

Question 10: Deserts are often composed of _____ and rocky surfaces.

• a. water
• b. trees
• c. oil

• d. sand

Question 11: Three great stretches of sandy deserts almost circle the center of Australia.

• a. dunes
• b. valleys
• c. lands

• d. areas

Question 12: Deserts are also classified by their _____ location and dominant weather pattern.

• a. geographical

• b. aerial
• c. sandy
• d. facial

Question 13: Thanks to pictures taken by satellites, deserts have not ____ a mystery in our time.

• a. hidden
• b. intended

• c. remained

• d. attained

Question 14: Deserts take ____ one-third of the Earth’s land surface.

• a. up

• b. on
• c. over
• d. after

Question 15: The Simpson Desert was named _____ Mr. Simpson, President of the South Australian Branch of the Royal Geographical Society of Australia.

• a. with
• b. at

• c. after

• d. for

Question 16: In 1953, Peveril Meigs divided desert regions ____ Earth ____ three categories according to the amount of precipitation they received.

• a. through / in
• b. from / with

• c. on / into 

• d. in / for

Question 17: More and more ____ are very excited at discovering as many interesting things in the deserts as possible.

• a. explores
• b. explorations

• c. explorers

• d. exploratory

Question 18: Can you make a ______ estimate of how much our expedition in the desert may be?

• a. rough

• b. roughly
• c. roughing
• d. roughen

Question 19. After Peter had returned from the Sahara desert, he was confined to bed by a _____ disease.

• a. mystery

• b. mysterious

• c. mysteriously
• d. mysteriousness

Question 20: I want to work as an interpreter in the future, _____, I am studying Russian at university.

• a. but
• b. so
• c. however

• d. therefore

Question 21: l am going shopping for food this evening I do not have to go at the weekend.

• a. so

• b. but
• c. however
• d. moreover

Question 22: When she got the news from her family, she could not do anything, _____ cry.

• a. but

• b. and
• c. so
• d. however

Question 23: Mrs. Lindon has ____ that she is unable to get a job.

• a. but not enough education

• b. so little education

• c. however little education
• d. such little education

Question 24: That small car, _____ , is advertised in many current magazines.

• a. so inexpensive and comfortable
• b. however inexpensive and comfortable

• c. inexpensive but comfortable

• d. and inexpensive but comfortable

Question 25: We live in the same building ____ we have hardly seen each other.

• a. and
• b. therefore

• c. but

• d. so

Question 26: I went to buy a Rolling Stones CD _____ the shop didn’t have it.

• a. and

• b. but

• c. therefore
• d. so

Question 27: Anna needed some money, ____ , she took a part-time job.

• a. furthermore 
• b. moreover
• c. however

• d. therefore

Question 28: Julie has a guitar _____ she plays it really well.

• a. and

• b. so
• c. but
• d. therefore

Question 29: My fingers were injured _____ my sister had to write the note for me.

• a. and
• b. however

• c. so

• d. but

Question 30: The concert was cancelled _____ we went to a nightclub instead.

• a. so

• b. however
• c. so on
• d. but

Error Identification.

Question 31: Desert is a large area of land that has very little water however very few plants growing on it.

• a. a
• b. that

• c. however

• d. growing

Question 32: Rain falls occasionally in deserts so desert storms are often violent.

• a. falls

• b. so

• c. are
• d. violent

Question 33: The Nile River, the Colorado River, but the Yellow River flow through deserts to deliver their sediments to the sea.

• a. but

• b. through
• c. to deliver
• d. to the sea

Question 34: Deserts may have underground springs, rivers, or reservoirs they lie close to the surface, or deep underground. 

• a. may have

• b. they

• c. the surface
• d. or

Question 35: Most plants in deserts have adapted to sporadic rainfalls in a desert environments. 

• a. most
• b. have adapted
• c. rainfalls

• d. environments

Read the passage carefully and choose the correct answer. 

Approximately one-third of the Earth's land surface is desert, arid land with meager rainfall that supports only sparse vegetable and a a limited population of people and animals. Deserts have been portrayed as fascinating environments of adventure and exploration. These arid regions are called deserts because they are dry. They may be hot. They may be cold. They may be regions of sand or vast areas of rocks with occasional plants.

Deserts are natural laboratories in which to study the interactions of wind and sometimes water on the arid surfaces of planets. They contain valuable mineral deposits that were formed in the arid environment or that were exposed by erosion. Because deserts are dry, they are ideal places for human artifacts and fossils to be preserved. Deserts are also fragile environments. The misuse of these lands is a serious and growing problem in parts of our world.

There are many animals in the desert. Some are very large, like the kangaroo or the gazelle. Both are big and have to travel long distances for water at a spring, or an oasis. Another fairly large animal is the addax. The addax is a desert antelope. They live in the Sahara Desert. All addaxes are herbivores. There are less than 200 of them left because of hunting and tourists. Some animals crawl along. Examples of these are snakes and lizards. Snakes rarely drink water; they get their moisture from other prey that they eat. So do others, like the kangaroo rat. Lizards are commonly found in the desert. They stay out of the sun and move as little as possible. There are also other animals in the desert. The fennec lives in northern Africa in the Sahara Desert. They are a relative of the fox. They eat mice, small birds, lizards, and insects. When necessary, they will eat fruit. One more desert animal is the jerboa. The jerboa is a small, long distance jumper that lives in the desert. They are free drinking animals and they eat plants, seeds, and bugs.

Question 36: Deserts _____.

• a. are rare in the world
• b. are more and more populous
• c. are all hot all the time

• d. may be both hot and cold

Question 37: The word They refers to _____.

• a. deserts

• b. natural laboratories
• c. planets 
• d. mineral deposits

Question 38: Which is not true about deserts?

• a. arid
• b. hot

• c. humid

• d. dry

Question 39: According to the second paragraph, _____ .

• a. we should use desert land properly to avoid serious problems

• b. we can exploit as much fossil as possible in deserts
• c. there are no erosion in deserts
• d. deserts are ideal places for growing land

Question 40: The last paragraph expresses that _____.

• a. none of animals can survive in deserts

• b. hunting and tourists cause the decreasing of addaxes in the Sahara Desert.

• c. snakes in deserts need more water than any other species
• d. addaxes are the most populous species in deserts

Fill in each numbered blank with one suitable word or phrase.

Most traditional human life in deserts is nomadic. It (Question 41) ______ in hot deserts on finding water, and on following infrequent rains to (Question 42) _____ grazing for livestock. In cold deserts, it depends on finding good hunting and fishing grounds, on sheltering from blizzards and winter (Question 43) _____ , and on storing enough food for winter. Permanent settlement in both kinds of deserts requires permanent water, food sources and adequate shelter, or the technology and energy sources to (Question 44) ____ it.

Many deserts are flat and featureless, lacking landmarks, or composed of repeating landforms such as sand (Question 45) _______ or the jumbled ice-fields of glaciers. Advanced skills or devices are required to navigate aeuen such landscapes and (Question 46) travelers may die when supplies run (Question 47) _____ after becoming lost. In addition, sandstorms or blizzards may cause disorientation in severely-reduced visibility.

The (Question 48) _____ represented by wild animals in deserts has featured in explorers’ accounts but does not cause higher (Question 49) _____ of death than in other environments such as rainforests or savanna woodland, and generally does not affect human distribution. Defense against polar bears may be advisable in some areas of the Arctic. Precautions against snakes and scorpions in choosing (Question 50) _____ at which to camp in some hot deserts should be taken.

Question 41:

• a. locates
• b. selects
• c. follows

• d. depends

Question 42:

• a. earn
• b. demand

• c. obtain

• d. require

Question 43:

• a. extremes

• b. poles
• c. tops
• d. heights

Question 44:

• a. grow

• b. supply

• c. comfort
• d. bring

Question 45:

• a. dunes

• b. piles 
• c. valleys
• d. stores

Question 46:

• a. inconsistent
• b. incapable

• c. inexperienced

• d. independent

Question 47:

• a. of

• b. out

• c. in
• d. over

Question 48:

• a. danger

• b. dangerous
• c. endanger
• d. endangered

Question 49:

• a. level

• b. rate

• c. scale
• d. standard

Question 50:

• a. sight
• b. lies

• c. sites

• d. seats